/* Problem URL: https://codeforces.com/contest/1913/problem/D */ #include #include #include using namespace std; using namespace __gnu_pbds; template > using ordered_set = tree; #define V vector #define rmin(a, b) a = min(a, b) #define rmax(a, b) a = max(a, b) #define rep(i, lim) for (int i = 0; i < (lim); i++) #define nrep(i, s, lim) for (int i = s; i < (lim); i++) #define repv(i, v) for (auto &i : (v)) #define fillv(v) for (auto &itr_ : (v)) { cin >> itr_; } #define sortv(v) sort(v.begin(), v.end()) #define all(v) (v).begin(), (v).end() using vi = vector; using vvi = vector; using vvvi = vector; using vvvvi = vector; using ll = long long; using vl = vector; using vvl = vector; using vvvl = vector; using vvvvl = vector; template auto operator<<(ostream &os, const vector &vec)->ostream& { os << vec[0]; for (size_t i = 1; i < vec.size(); i++) { os << ' ' << vec[i]; } os << '\n'; return os; } template auto operator>>(istream &is, vector &vec)->istream& { for (auto &i : vec) { is >> i; } return is; } template auto operator<<(ostream &os, const vector> &vec)->ostream& { for (auto &i : vec) { os << i[0]; for (size_t j = 1; j < i.size(); j++) { os << ' ' << i[j]; } os << '\n'; } return os; } template auto operator>>(istream &is, vector> &vec)->istream& { for (auto &i : vec) { for (auto &j : i) { is >> j; } } return is; } int main() { ios::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(nullptr); int t; cin >> t; while (t--) { int n; cin >> n; vl fds(n); cin >> fds; stack> s; vi left(n, 0); vi right(n, n - 1); rep(i, n) { while (!s.empty() && s.top().first > fds[i]) { s.pop(); } if (s.empty()) { s.emplace(fds[i], i + 1); continue; } left[i] = s.top().second; s.emplace(fds[i], i); } s = stack>(); for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) { while (!s.empty() && s.top().first > fds[i]) { s.pop(); } if (s.empty()) { s.emplace(fds[i], i - 1); continue; } right[i] = s.top().second; s.emplace(fds[i], i); } vl dp1(n + 1); dp1[0] = 1; vl dp2(n + 1); dp2[n] = 1; const ll mod = 998244353; rep(i, n) { if (left[i] > 0) { dp1[i + 1] += dp1[i]; continue; } dp1[i + 1] = (dp1[i] + i) % mod; } for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) { if (right[i] < n - 1) { dp2[i] += dp2[i + 1]; continue; } dp2[i] = (dp2[i] + (n - i + 1)) % mod; } cout << dp1[n] + dp2[0] << '\n'; } }