/* Problem URL: https://cses.fi/problemset/task/2195 */ #include #include #include using namespace std; using namespace __gnu_pbds; template > using ordered_set = tree; #define V vector #define rmin(a, b) a = min(a, b) #define rmax(a, b) a = max(a, b) #define rep(i, lim) for (int i = 0; i < (lim); i++) #define nrep(i, s, lim) for (int i = s; i < (lim); i++) #define repv(i, v) for (auto &i : (v)) #define fillv(v) for (auto &itr_ : (v)) { cin >> itr_; } #define sortv(v) sort(v.begin(), v.end()) #define all(v) (v).begin(), (v).end() using vi = vector; using vvi = vector; using vvvi = vector; using vvvvi = vector; using ll = long long; using vl = vector; using vvl = vector; using vvvl = vector; using vvvvl = vector; template auto operator<<(ostream &os, const vector &vec)->ostream& { os << vec[0]; for (size_t i = 1; i < vec.size(); i++) { os << ' ' << vec[i]; } os << '\n'; return os; } template auto operator>>(istream &is, vector &vec)->istream& { for (auto &i : vec) { is >> i; } return is; } template auto operator<<(ostream &os, const vector> &vec)->ostream& { for (auto &i : vec) { os << i[0]; for (size_t j = 1; j < i.size(); j++) { os << ' ' << i[j]; } os << '\n'; } return os; } template auto operator>>(istream &is, vector> &vec)->istream& { for (auto &i : vec) { for (auto &j : i) { is >> j; } } return is; } const int oo = INT32_MAX >> 1; const ll OO = INT64_MAX >> 1; struct pt { ll x, y; pt() = default; pt(ll x, ll y): x(x), y(y) {} pt(const pt &a): x(a.x), y(a.y) {} friend istream &operator >> (istream &is, pt &a) { is >> a.x >> a.y; return is; } friend ostream &operator << (ostream &os, pt a) { os << a.x << ' ' << a.y << '\n'; return os; } ll operator ^ (pt b) { return x * b.y - y * b.x; } pt operator - (pt b) { return pt(x - b.x, y - b.y); } bool operator < (pt b) { if (x == b.x) { return y < b.y; } return x < b.x; } }; ll sarea2(pt a, pt b, pt c) { return (b - a) ^ (c - b); } int ccw(pt a, pt b, pt c) { ll ar = sarea2(a, b, c); return (ar > 0) - (ar < 0); } V convex_hull(V v) { sortv(v); if (v.size() <= 2) { return v; } int n = v.size(); V ac; V tmp; rep(i, n) { while (ac.size() >= 2 && ccw(ac.end()[-2], ac.end()[-1], v[i]) > 0) { ac.pop_back(); } ac.emplace_back(v[i]); } for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) { while (tmp.size() >= 2 && ccw(tmp.end()[-2], tmp.end()[-1], v[i]) > 0) { tmp.pop_back(); } tmp.emplace_back(v[i]); } ac.pop_back(); tmp.pop_back(); repv(i, tmp) { ac.emplace_back(i); } return ac; } void pre() { } #define TEST 0 void solve() { int n; cin >> n; V a(n); cin >> a; auto conv = convex_hull(a); cout << conv.size() << '\n'; repv(i, conv) { cout << i.x << ' ' << i.y << '\n'; } } int main() { ios::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(nullptr); pre(); int t; (TEST && cin >> t) || (t = 1); while (t--) { solve(); } }